He was innate inside Brignoles, Provence, the 2nd boy of Charles of Anjou "the Lame", who was appointed King of Naples, by Pope Clement IV, the previous secretary to Louis IX of France. the son was himself a nephew of St Louis & of Mary of Hungary (her great-grandaunt existence Saint Elizabeth of Hungary). Once his father was manufactured captive inside Italy, during a war by using King Pedro III of Aragon that followed the Sicilian Vespers, he obtained his have freedom by generating above his leash sons when surety. A boys were taken to Barcelona—Aragonese territory—where it were situated under a care of Franciscan friars for their education and held for heptad years. Though however held within captivity, Louis was processed archbishop of Lyon as soon as he reached his majority. Once his older brother died around 1295, Louis also became heir to his father's lay titles; notwithstanding, whilst he was extricated that equivalent month, Louis attend Rome & gave higher completely claims to his royal inheritance pro his brother Robert of Anjou & announced that instead he would take a Franciscan vows of poorness, chastity, and obedience.

In February 5, 1297 as he took the Franciscan vows, Louis was as well consecrate Bishop of Toulouse, where his uncle, Alphonse of Toulouse got until recently been Count, but had died within 1271 leaving no heir. inside that ambivalently dynastic & ecclesiastic position, in a territory between Provence & Aquitaine that was necessary to Angevin interests, despite a princely standing that got won him this significant appointment at a age of astir Xxii, Louis chop-chop gained a reputation for serving the poor people, feeding the hungry, & ignoring his have needs. When only sise months, but, apparently exhausted by his labors, he abandoned a position of Bishop. Six months late, at age Twenty-three, he died of the fever, even typhoid fever, at Brignoles.

Procedures for his canonisation were quickly urged. His out break was promoted by Pope Clement V in 1307, and he was canonized by John XXII in April 7, 1317. His brother Robert at Naples world health organization owed his crown to Louis licenced a great reredos from either Simone Martini, depicting Louis thereupon more saint in the personal, Louis IX of France. St Louis of Toulouse was non otherwise widely venerated, however a Franciscans embraced him, keeping his day in their calendar & removing his relics in 1423 to Valencia, where he was processed patron saint. So the Spanish Franciscan mission around Alta California came to be consecrated to San Luis Obispo.

He may be recognized inside iconography as the boy bishop, typically by having a throwaway crown by his feet.